In 2002 44% of primaries taught languages In 2007 the figure rose to 84%.
Traditional languages still dominate. 3% of primaries learn Chinese.
Last year the government accepted the findings of Lord Dearing in his review of languages when he said language learning should be compulsory in primary school.
Schools Minister Jim Knight said: "It's excellent news that so many children have the chance to learn a second language while at primary school.
"Children find language learning easier in primary than starting in secondary school.
"Today's research means that we are on target to meet our aim of ensuring all primary school children have the opportunity to learn another language by 2010."
The National Centre for Languages (Cilt), which promotes language learning and helps to train primary teachers to teach languages, says it is delighted by the findings.
Director of Comunications Teresa Tinsley said: "It's really good news. We were picking up that more schools were coming on board. There is a lot of demand for our support for training. It's an amazing, rapid development."
They are trying to pat themselves on the back a bit too early
Stefania Caddick-Adams, languages teacher
Berkshire teacher Stefania Caddick-Adams, who works to promote language teaching in about a dozen primary schools, says the latest research will mask great differences in what is really going on in primary schools.
Some schools, she says, might be seen as "teaching" a language because they have a parent who runs a French club after school, for example.
"They may do the register in a language every now and again or do PE in a language occasionally but that does not amount to proper language teaching.
"It is great that the government are highlighting the importance of languages but they are trying to pat themselves on the back a bit too early," she said